What are the Diseases Caused By Fungi? How to Prevent Them?
Many farmers have to deal with pathogenic fungi, which is a deadly plant disease that is capable of destroying about a third of all food crops every year. Fungi infections affect plants through wounds, stomata, water pores, and fungal spores that are carried by the wind. Some of the common diseases caused by fungi include:
Powdery Mildew: This leads to the leaves having a white, powdery growth in the infected plant.
Black Spot: In this, leaves get dark spots surrounded by yellow spots.
Rust: This is seen in plants when they develop rust-clouded growth on the underside of leaves.
Such fungal activity and plant diseases are quite high in wet conditions with poor air circulation.
Fungicides Used to Defy Plant Diseases
Mentioned below are some of the most commonly used fungicides for fungus-related plant diseases:
Carbendazim
Carbendazim is a systemic fungicide that is applied repeatedly to control soil borne plant diseases during the growing season.
Careful assessment was undertaken to test the effects of repeated carbendazim application. Also, its persistence and microbial community in soil. In this assessment, it was concluded that the dissipation of carbendazim in the soil accelerates with its frequency of application.
Mancozeb
Mancozeb, a broad-spectrum contact fungicide, is labelled for use on fruits, vegetables, and nuts. It protects crops from a wide spectrum of fungal diseases. Some of these diseases include potato blight, leaf spot, scab, and rust. They can also be used for seed treatment of potatoes, corn, tomatoes, and cereal grains. Mancozeb is one of the best fungicide for plants.
Copper oxychloride
Copper fungicides such as copper oxychloride are quite effective for fungal diseases. The copper ions in these fungicides kill fungi by denaturing proteins and enzymes in the cells of pathogens they get in contact with. They act on pathogens before they infect the plant. They have no control after the plant is infected and are non-selective, leading to phytotoxicity when they get inside plants.
These fungicides are used for organic and conventional disease management in vegetable and fruit crops. These are in the form of liquid, granular and dispersible formulations, which can be dispensed in water.
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